The Great Wall of WA
230 Metres of Rammed Earth Wall
The longest rammed earth wall in Australia and – probably – the southern hemisphere.
At 230 metres long, the rammed earth wall meanders along the edge of a sand dune and encloses twelve earth covered residences, created to provide short-term accommodation for a cattle station during mustering season. With their 450mm thick rammed earth facade and the sand dune to their rear and forming their roofs, the residences have the best thermal mass available, making them naturally cool in the subtropical climate.
The rammed earth wall (construction) is composed of the iron rich, sandy clay that is a dominant feature of the site, gravel obtained from the adjacent river and (bonded with) water from the local bore (hole).
The design of the accommodation represents a new approach to remote North Western Australia architecture, moving away from the sun baked, thin corrugated metal shelters to naturally cooled architectural earth formations.
Awads:
2016 UNESCO endorsed TERRA Award for Earthen Architecture, Winner, Collective Housing Category
2016 Archdaily, Building of The Year Award
Housing Category
2016 Architizer A+ Awards
Judges choice Award
2016 Australian Institute of Architects,
Western Australian Awards, Finalist
Location: North Western Australia
Design Architect: Luigi Rosselli
Project Architects: Kristina Sahlestrom, Edward Birch, David Mitchell
Interior Designer: Sarah Foletta
Builder: Jaxon Construction
Rammed Earth Contractor: Murchison Stabilised Earth Pty Ltd
Landscaping: Tim Davies Landscaping
Structural Consultant: Pritchard Francis
Environmental Consultant: Floyd Energy
Photography: Edward Birch
© Edward Birch
A glass covered oculus, oriented east and inspired by the Pantheon of Rome, maintains a celestial connection.
© Edward Birch
The roof is made from Cor-Ten steel sheets, forming an oblique cone and culminating with a skylight in the apex. The roof was fabricated off site and transported in two halves.
© Edward Birch
Gold annodised aluminium sheets line the ceiling of the ‘chapel’, cyclonic rated, curved sliding windows can close the pavilion to protect its interior from dust storms.
© Edward Birch
Below the chapel lies a hundred year old cemetery, enclosed by a simple fence to keep the local fauna out.
© Edward Birch
The centrally located chapel also forms the apex of the sand hill. Originally conceived as an open structure, sliding curved glass windows were later added to provide protection from dust storms.
© Edward Birch
Internally, one finds a comfortable environment, cooled by the rammed earth walls and the metre deep sand hill. The interior design by Sarah Foletta is a restrained, natural and robust selection of materials and furniture.
© Edward Birch
The northern end of the rammed earth wall tapers down to where an older building is used as a communal meeting and sitting area. A pergola constructed of old drilling pipes provides a chequerboard of dappled light.
© Edward Birch
The awning roof is a Cor-Ten steel cyclonic shade frame, mirrored by a concrete slab on (the) ground. The concrete slab contains gravel and aggregates from the local river, which lend a reddish colour to its polished surface.
© Edward Birch
The deep awning roof is designed to keep the sun out during the hottest part of the day and invite the inhabitant to outside and enjoy the cool evening breeze
© Edward Birch
The residences are stepped to maintain a level of privacy on each covered veranda. There are contiguous but are not internally linked. The rear walls of the residences are buried under the sand dune.
© Edward Birch
The oval chapel overlooks a family cemetery and ghost and river gums that line the riverbank in the background.
© Edward Birch
Rammed earth extracted from the local clay pans, pebbles and gravel quarried from the river bed are the palette of materials that blend into the landscape. The pavilion at the top is the multi-functional hub, meeting room and chapel.
© Edward Birch